Psychological Human Behavior essays

Mental Human Behavior articles Brain research is the significant point of view for human instinct. It is a lot of significant for the individual condition. Brain research is a lot of a result of the Western convention. Though another brain science of the year 2000 contains both the eastern just as the Western convention (Frey, 04/06). Analyst self-idea perspectives. Its identified with Psyche implies call a people self ideas it incorporates what an individual sees from the people the coordinate piece of human brain movement associated with those with real ideas. It anyway reflects genuine connection with the brain body idea. Perspectives AND SOCIAL COGNITION tends to those spaces of social conduct in which cognizance assumes a significant job, including the interface of perception with clear conduct, influence, and inspiration. (Primis, 119). Significant viewpoints in Now, whats the idea of analysis is likewise a brain research now incorporates therapy, humanism and sociobiology. important point of view. As a treatment, analysis depends on perception that people are frequently unconscious of a significant number of the variables that decide their feelings and conduct. (Frey, 04/06). It is, what's more, a technique for finding out about the psyche, and furthermore a hypothesis, a method of understanding the procedures of ordinary regular mental working and the phases of typical improvement from early stages to mature age. (psychology.com). Besides, since therapy looks to clarify how the human psyche functions, it contributes understanding into whatever the human brain produces.(apa.org) Sigmund Freud was the primary psychoanalyst. A significant number of his bits of knowledge into the human brain, which appeared to be so progressive when the new century rolled over, are currently broadly acknowledged by most schools of mental thought. In spite of the fact that others previously and during his time had started to perceive the job of oblivious mental understanding its significance. In spite of the fact that his thoughts met with opposition and obstruction, Freud accepted ... <!

Gerald Graffs Hidden Intellectualism Essay -- ethos, pathos, logos, T

Co-writer of â€Å"They Say/I Say† handbook, Gerald Graff, breaks down in his article â€Å"Hidden Intellectualism† that â€Å"street smarts† can be utilized for progressively productive learning and can be an important apparatus to prepare understudies to â€Å"get snared on perusing and writing† (Graff 204). Graff’s reason for existing is to depict to his crowd that find out about vehicles, TV, style, and so on than â€Å"academic work† isn't the hindrance to the learning procedure that universities and schools can see it to be (198). This information can be a significant showing colleague and can encourage the getting a handle on of new ideas and help to get ready understudies to extend their inclinations and compose with better quality later on. Graff explains his thinking by showing, â€Å"Give me the understudy whenever who composes a pointedly contended, sociologically intense investigation of an issue in Source over the understudy wh o composes a real existence less elucidation of Hamlet or Socrates’ Apology† (205). Graff embraces a good humored tone to draw in his perusers and portray how this neglected knowledge can start an energy in understudies to get intrigued by formal and scholarly points. He utilizes ethos, tenderness, and logos to set up his believability, advance sincerely to his perusers, and advance to rationale by makes claims, giving proof, and support his announcements up with thinking. In the principal sentences of this exposition, it is anything but difficult to identify with Graff’s words. Quickly, he draws in perusers in the point and starts to build up his feeling. By utilizing the expression â€Å"Everyone knows some youthful person†, Graff identifies with a typical character and bids to his perusers feelings. This wide speculation grows the author’s crowd via consequently including the entirety of his perusers. It is Graff’s assessment that â€Å"schools and universities may be at fau... ...ting them pick their own gatherings to be in during class, as offering numerous approaches to finish ventures, distinctive alloted understanding points, and so on. The understudy can just escape the class as much as they put in. Despite the fact that the understudies may wish the educators would give less schoolwork or let them read Sports Illustrated in class, there is a barely recognizable difference between scholarly discovering that consolidates â€Å"street smarts† and scholastic discovering that needs on the scholarly part. Educators must safeguard their understudies are learning the necessary material and that they are not taking alternate routes from finding out about subjects and thoughts that understudies should be fruitful after school. Works Cited Graff, Gerald. â€Å"Hidden Intellectualism†. They Say/I Say: The Moves That Matter in Academic Writing. Comp. Graff, Gerald, Cathy Birkenstein, and Russell Durst. New York W.W. Norton and Company, 2006.

Business Model of Hilton Hotels

Business Model of Hilton Hotels © Shutterstock.com | happydancingAmong the top hotel chains in the world, Hilton Worldwide has a large number of hotel brands within its portfolio. In this article, we will look at 1) introduction to Hilton, 2) history, 3) business model, and 4) the USP of Hilton Hotels Resorts.INTRODUCTION TO HILTONHilton Hotels Corporation, now known as Hilton Worldwide, is a global hospitality business. The American company is now owned by the Blackstone Group, a multinational US private equity, investment banking, alternate asset management and financial services corporation. The company was created by Conrad Hilton in Cisco, Texas. The headquarters were in Beverly Hills, California from 1969 till 2009. After that, the headquarters moved to Fairfax County, Virginia.Until 2013, Hilton was ranked 38th in terms of size among privately held company by Forbes. In December 2013, the company returned to being a publicly held company in a second IPO worth an estimated $2.35 billion. As of 2014, the com pany has over 4000 hotels under all the Hilton brands. These have an estimated 680,117 rooms in 91 countries.There are several brands that operate under the Hilton brand portfolio. These are either owned, managed or franchised by the company. Some of the hotels under this portfolio include Waldorf Astoria Hotels and Resorts, Conrad Hotels and Resorts, Hilton Hotels and Resorts, Embassy Suites, Hampton Inn and Hampton Inn and Suites, Doubletree by Hilton, Hilton Garden Inn, Home2 Suites, Homewood Suites, and Hilton Grand Vacations.Since 2005, the company is among the sponsors of the United States Olympic Team.HISTORYThe Early YearsThrough most of its history, the hotel chain was managed by Hilton family members since the company was created in 1919 by Conrad Hilton with the purchase of his first hotel. Hilton was born in New Mexico and was one of eight children. He worked as a trader, a clerk, a bellboy and a pianist all before he was 18. In another few years he did turns in politics and banking. When his father died in 1919, he left the army and went to Texas with the intention of buying a small bank to capitalize on the oil boom at the time. Finding banks too expensive and hotels overbooked, he made a deal with a property owner looking to sell. He managed to gather the necessary investment and The Mobley, Hilton’s first hotel, was born. Within a year, he bought two more properties in Texas and in 1925, the first hotel with the Hilton name was set up in Dallas.Hilton managed to survive the depression in the US with 5 out of his 8 hotels and went on to buy his first hotel outside of Texas. This was the Sir Francis Drake in San Francisco. He later sold this at a profit to raise money to purchase the Stevens in Chicago which was the largest hotel in the world at the time. Through World War 2, he continued his acquisitions in LA and New York and by 1942 had presence from coast to coast in the US. His goal at the time was New York’s Waldorf Astoria. He continue d to carry a photo of the hotel with him since the hotel opened in 1931. In 1946, he created the Hilton Hotels Corporation and became the first hotel company to list on the New Work Stock Exchange.By the 1940s, the company had expanded to a worldwide chain of premium hotels. Hilton pushed his board for international expansion and opened the first hotel in Puerto Rico. At the time, a wholly owned subsidiary was created, called Hilton Hotels International and the first European hotel opened in Madrid in 1953. Hilton also purchased the lease on the Waldorf Astoria in 1949, converting it into a profitable venture within a year. The expansion continued with the biggest hotel merger in the industry when Hilton purchased the Statler Hotel Company at the price of $111 million and with international hotels in Turkey and Mexico City.International Operations DivestmentDuring the 1960s, the company divested its international operations, creating a separately traded company called Hilton Interna tional Co. This spin-off was a publicly traded company with Conrad Hilton as its president. He also became chairman of the Hilton Hotels board at the time. This period was marked by change in leadership when Hilton’s son Barron became president of the company. On his persuasion, Hilton agreed to exchange his stake in Hilton International for shares of Trans World Airlines. This investment did not pay off as expected and claims over the Hilton name were lost internationally.In 1967, this new company was acquired by Trans World Corporation, a holding company for Trans World Airlines. This business was sold again in the eighties to UAL Corp, the holding company for United Airlines. This company made attempts to position itself as a holistic travel company that included the Westin Hotels and Hertz rental cars along with Hilton International and United Airlines. Corporate tussles led this business to be sold again soon after to a British leisure and gambling concern called the Ladbroke Group. By 1999, the company was renamed as Hilton Group plc.These separate evolutions of the domestic and international businesses meant that two simultaneous yet autonomous Hilton companies were operating in the world. Both companies were contractually forbidden to operate in each other’s territory under the same name. To manage this, hotels run globally by the American Hilton company were called Conrad Hotels while those run by the international company within the US were called Vista International Hotels. This was an understandably confusing situation for consumers so in 1997, the two companies developed a joint marketing agreement. The terms of this agreement allowed the two companies to share a logo, promote both brands and maintain a joint reservation system. Around the same time, the Vista Hotels were slowly closed and the Conrad converted into a Luxury brand under the Hilton umbrella with hotels operational in both the US and around the world.The Casino BusinessDuring the early seventies, the chain expanded into casino hotels in Las Vegas, Nevada and by the late eighties this area was bringing in close to 44 percent of the company’s total income. Barron Hilton worked the franchising model during this time and the launch of a computerized reservation system, nicknamed the HILTRON. This system was later adopted by other hotels in the industry, adding to the company’s revenue stream. In 1975, 50 percent share in six major hotels was sold off with the agreement that Hilton would continue to manage the properties for a percentage of returns. This was a unique business model at the time and later became a standard practice within the industry.In the late seventies, the company finally completed the purchase of the Waldorf-Astoria land and building and in 1979, Conrad Hilton died at the age of 91. His son succeeded him as the chairman of the board. The company continued to stay afloat during years of recession by relying on revenues from casinos, leasi ng and management and franchise fees.Renewing international expansion, the company created a new subsidiary by the name of Conrad International Hotels in 1982. Hotels were opened in Australia. Turkey, Egypt, Hong Kong, Uruguay and New Zealand in the decade that followed.In a change of management, Barron Hilton handed over the reins to Stephen F. Bollenbach in 1996. Bollenbach was the first non-Hilton to lead the company. He took some bold steps to revitalize the company and among these was the decisions to spin-off the gaming side of the business. In 1998, this arm of the chain became Park Plaza Entertainment Corporation after growing this business substantially. This concern is now called Caesar’s Entertainment Inc. A year later, he drove an acquisition of the $3.7 billion Promus Hotel Corporation, adding further brand names to the company’s portfolio. These included, Doubletree, Embassy Suites, Hampton Inn, Homewood Suites and Harrison Conference Centers.During his tenure, he also reunified the divided Hilton concerns by purchasing a stake in the British owner Ladbroke. The two companies agreed to work together to develop new hotels as well as joint plans for marketing and honoring frequent stay plans for each other.In 2007, the company agreed to a buy-out from Blackstone Group. The transaction meant that the new owner had to deal with a $20 million debt in an economic downturn. This debt was restructured in 2010 with Blackstone investing further equity into the company. In 2013, the company filed for a $1.25 billion IPO.BUSINESS MODELBusiness segments its Products and ServicesThe company, through expansion and acquisitions over the years, caters to a large number of business segments and consumer types. Some of their segments include:LuxuryHotels under this segment are the luxury flagship brands of the hotel chain. These high end hotels cater to clients looking for the highest standards of luxury and service. The two hotel chains in this area include:W aldorf Astoria Hotels and Resorts The Waldorf Astoria Collection of luxury hotels were created after the original Waldorf Astoria in New York City. Other Hilton hotels often have the Waldorf name attached to them but are not necessarily part of the flagship brand. The hotels have presence in the US, China, the UK, Saudi Arabia, Italy, France, Germany, Israel, the Netherlands and Panama, with further development underway in China, UAE, Indonesia and Canada.Conrad Hotels Resorts These hotels began as the international arm of the American Hilton Company. Later, they were retained as a Luxury brand. Currently, they operate worldwide with presence in North and South America, Australia, Asia Pacific, Europe, Middle East and Africa.Full serviceFull service hotels cater to business and leisure travel and locations are often in major city centers, near convention centers as well as at major vacation destinations globally. This segment includes the following brands:Hilton Hotels ResortsThes e hotels are among the flagship brands of the company and one of the biggest and most recognizable hotels around the world. They are owned or managed by Hilton Worldwide or franchised to independent operators. The company has an extensive guest loyalty program with partnerships that range from airlines to car rental companies. These programs are applicable in all Hilton Worldwide hotels.DoubleTree by HiltonMost DoubleTree hotels are franchised though some are managed by the company itself. These hotels came under the Hilton Umbrella after the purchase of the Promus Hotel Company.Embassy SuitesThese are upscale hotels under the Hilton brand name. By 2011, there were 200 in the US with 8 operational internationally. Competitors include Cambria Suites and SpringHill Suites by Marriott.Curio A Collection by HiltonThese are unique hotels, different in every area they operate in. They aim to maintain the history and character of the city that they operate in. Select serviceThese are mid- prized full service hotels that cater to both business and leisure travelersHilton Garden InnThese hotels include basic amenities such as an onsite restaurant and a Pavilion Pantry that serves as a 24 hour convenience store. Most hotels will feature a pool and a fitness center along with high speed wifi access and a business center. Breakfast is usually not complimentary but bed and breakfast packages may be available.Hampton InnThese are limited service hotels and cater to more budget oriented business and leisure travelers. There are no restaurants onsite pr bell and concierge services. The chain had 1800 hotels by 2011 with a majority within the US. Some international locations include Canada, Costa Rica, Ecuafor, Mexico and the UK.Hampton Inn SuitesThese hotels offer the same service as the Hampton Inn with the addition of suites.  These are mid-prized full service hotels that cater to both business and leisure travelers.Extended stay suitesAs the name suggests, these hotels ar e for extended stays.Homewood Suites by HiltonThis chain had 310 hotels in 2012 with more under development. Most are managed by franchisees. These are upscale hotels are compete with Staybridge Suites and Residence Inn by Marriott.Home2 Suites by HiltonHomewood Suites by HiltonThese are a mid-range chain of hotels that offer a more adorable price tag for both business and leisure travelers. All hotels in this range are franchised.TimeshareIn this category of hotels, people will jointly own resort villas. These people are members and can use these facilities for limited periods of time the brand name for this segment is:Hilton Grand VacationsFranchisingOver the years, Hilton Worldwide has made a shift from a traditional hotel company to more of a consultant. This shift in business model was driven aggressively by the new owner, Blackstone Inc. Out of 4,080 Hilton properties, less than 4 percent are directly owned or leased by the company itself. Instead, the company will merely mana ge it for a share of the profits or it is completely operated by a franchisee.This model takes away real estate fluctuation concerns from the Hilton management. Problems such as property values and capital investment into building development and maintenance are no longer a concern. And keep the business growing despite global economic downturns. Instead, the focus is on developing the brand, the customer service and working on occupancy. Franchise fees keep up the revenue and consultant privileges ensure that a keen eye can be kept on compliance to hotel standards. Hilton retains control of most of its flagship properties, airport properties, and largest resorts.The downside of this arrangement is that during good times for business, the company will make less than the franchisee. This is not a major concern for the company at the moment. This model is popular among the hotel industry.CompetitorsThe company competes globally with major industry players such as  Marriott, Hyatt, Sta rwood Hotels and Resorts, ACCOR group, Choice Hotels, and Intercontinental Hotels. Key criteria for competition among these companies include locations, quality of rooms and services and global operations and presence. A 2006 comparison of major players shows how Hilton ranks among competitors.Comparison to CompetitorsHilton Hotels Marriott InternationalStarwood HotelsNumber of Hotels2,9352,832871Number of Rooms (Thousands)501514266Geographical Presence (Countries)7868100Occupancy (Percent)72.574.471.2Average Daily Rate (USD)115.4154.0191.6RevPAR (USD)82.5114.6136.3USPThough all top tier hotel chains aim to offer similar service as competitors, Hilton manages to deliver on service standardization, integrated IT systems and a keen focus on customer satisfaction. Apart from this, the company is not afraid to question itself. A few years ago, the company launched a global research program to support a brand reinvention activity. This helps the company stay relevant.Conrad Hilton Biogra phy

Analysis Of The Poem Poetry - 1596 Words

Poetry is a beautiful way to express the subtext within it, using literary devices which enhances the poem s beauty. Poetry is considered to take distorted ideas and transforms it into beautiful words. Therefore, resulting the harsh truth being displayed in a form of a poem for readers to sink into another point of view. These creators called poets, are a group of people with a wide variety of experiences that an average person does not usually experience. They can create a more unified meaning in their masterpiece, without taking up 300 pages to exhibit their meaning, and still hold different interpretations by different readers. Poets are known to uncover the truth, which could be their experiences or reality based ideas, by beautifying the reality with literary devices to make it more relatable and enjoyable but still hold that very core of the meaning behind the poem. Poetry is a powerful vessel, between creator and reader, to change a person’s outlook of life or oneâ€⠄¢s surroundings. A poem can change moods, enhances one’s personality, gain a sense of people knowledge and become a bit more sensitive around one s world. Even if poets are not aware of the power poetry holds, they still do it to convey an experience, a lesson or a journey. All of this relates to Love and Roses by Tracy Marshall, where the speaker is telling the reader a journey of their blinding love. The abusive relationship exists in the speaker s life but is distracted by the idea of theShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Poem Poetry 1177 Words   |  5 PagesPoetry is a reduced dialect that communicates complex emotions. To comprehend the numerous implications of a ballad, perusers must analyze its words and expressing from the points of view of beat, sound, pictures, clear importance, and suggested meaning. Perusers then need to sort out reactions to the verse into a consistent, point-by-point clarification. Poetry utilizes structures and traditions to propose differen tial translation to words, or to summon emotive reactions. Gadgets, for example, soundRead MorePoem Analysis : Poem And Poetry Mean1257 Words   |  6 PagesThe words poem and poetry mean â€Å"to create or make.† There is a variety of different ways to create poems, and the more experience you have, the more ideas you will get on how to write them. The first poem in â€Å"Meeting Poem: An Overview† is Schoolsville and the poem moves from apparent reality to something beyond it. Poets provide their readers with thoughts on different subjects. For example, in the poem â€Å"Hope,† the author is describing how hope is available in everyday things and situations.Read MorePoem Eating Poetry Analysis1068 Words   |  5 Pagesof the speaker that seem most unusual? In the poem â€Å"Eating Poetry† the author writes weird behaviors that happen to â€Å"him.† One behavior the speaker does is barks and licks the librarians hand. On line fourteen the author writes, â€Å"When I get on my knees and lick her hand,† this is an example of the behaviors in the poem. Identify Patterns: What commonalities of the speaker’s odd behavior do you notice? What is he behaving like? In the poem â€Å"Eating Poetry† the speaker has different commonalities thatRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem The Value Of Poetry 1678 Words   |  7 PagesThe Value of Poetry Poetry is an abstract art form that gives us insight into the past, present and future, allow us to reflect on our lives and provokes thoughts and emotions. * We are Belinda and Katarina and today we will be discussing the theme of city vs bush in the poems Clancy of the Overflow by Banjo Patterson and The Call of the Bush by Dora Wilcox. *The theme of city versus bush interested us as the general opinion of the preferred lifestyle is constantly changing as time progresses, forRead MorePoetry And Science Poem Analysis1561 Words   |  7 Pagesapproach to a poem â€Å"falsifies our experience of poems† , we are seeing only a singular layer in which the reader is coercing a specific meaning that is easily digestible and relatable. Rather than engaging in such false readings, or ‘bad naturalisation’ Forest-Thomson demands a closer inspection of the genetic structure of a poem. To give each base element, or section of the sequence, the time and emphasis needed to un derstand and negotiate the importance these elements have on the poem as a wholeRead MorePoem Analysis : Poetry Evaluation2248 Words   |  9 PagesPoetry Evaluation 8 Willie Dunlap Ms Noel-Williams ENGL 1213-Essay 2, Poetry Evaluation October 6, 2014 Poetry Evaluation The overall meaning of the poem is someone who wants to be one with the nature around him. This person feels insignificant and sees the world around him much more significant with their beauty and other attributes. As this person says they would rather be horizontal, tells me that they want to be laying down or asleep. It also makes me think that they might want to be deadRead MorePoem Analysis : Sassoon s Poetry1493 Words   |  6 PagesSassoon, extended far beyond his own works. His journey through the conflict of war reflected a wider evolution of the literary world. I find that following the evolution of Sassoon’s poetry throughout his life contributes to the understanding of the reality of the ‘Great War for Civilisation’. Through his poetry, Sassoon exposed war as it really is – destructive, brutalising, and an indefensible waste of human life – something which was not conveyed in the traditional, idealistic views of his romanticRead MorePoem Analysis : Hello Poetry Haters 1386 Words   |  6 PagesHello Poetry Haters, If you are reading this anthology, then there must be a part of you that is curious as to what is considered poetry and the reason that it has existed in our human culture for so long. From the beginning of our development as an intellectual species, there has always been ways of storytelling. It is something that is a common thread in all cultures and goes back to the days of early man. Pictures were the first way of telling a story and have been discovered in cave paintingsRead MoreAnalysis Of Emily Dickinson s Poem The Poetries Of Emily Essay1414 Words   |  6 PagesThe poetries of Emily Dickinson has intrigued and enthralled many people after her death in 1886. Dickinson is known for leading a mainly reclusive and introverted existence in most of her life, exploring her own world of emotions and feelings through her poetry. Dickinson’s poetry reflects her loneliness and the speaker of her poems generally live in a state of want, but her poems are also marked by the intimate recollection of inspirational moments which are decidedly life giving and suggests theRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem Of Modern Poetry By Wallace Stevens Essay1186 Words   |  5 PagesTaking a broad view at one of Wallace Stevens’s poems shows clues that Stevens believes in Heraclitus’s theory. One poem in particular, â€Å"Of Modern Poetry,† is a good example of Wallace Stevens work because it is about the subject matter of poetry (Gallagher https://pfeiffer.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.proquest.com. pfeiffer.idm.oclc.org/docview/216773018?accountid=13172). In the poem it is obvious that neither Wallace Stevens or his poems will tell you what they are about until they have

The Economic And Political Openness Of Globalization

The economic and political openness that globalization brings to developing nations has no only an effect on the economy, but the culture of its people. Therefore, â€Å"†¦ people in more open countries are less dependent on the authorities for their livelihoods. [Also in] a more open economy and society, the â€Å"CNN effect† of global media and consumer attention [of today] exposes and discourages the abuse of workers† (Griswald). As stated before, technological progression has been the tool of globalization that made sure that ideas regarding human and political equality has made its way into autocratic and developing nations. With the aid of technology, more profoundly social media, western non-governmental organizations can expose severe human rights violations in developing nations and call use it call for political and social reforms. To that extend, technology has widely facilitated the â€Å"infusion of democratic norms, and the principles of human rights that support them, into many international and regional institutions† (Dalpino). Developing and autocratic nations ( most notably China) have come to the realization that in order to foster capital and become accepted into the worldwide trade market, they must concentrate on bettering the social lives of its people by adapting and protecting their entitled human rights. Perhaps the most profound example of the influence globalization lies in the Asian continent where a number of nations like South Korea and Taiwan have opened upShow MoreRelatedImpact Of Trade Liberalization On African Countries Essay1627 Words   |  7 PagesThe scholarship examining the extent at which trade liberalization (henceforth refers to as economic globalization) impacts poverty levels is limited. This essay examines the relationships between economic globalization and poverty levels in African countries. For instance, a 2006 UNDP report illustrates that just 7.2 percent of Bayelsa and Rivers State (Nigeria) residents were poor in 1980, but in 2004, the poverty index figures rose exponentially to 44.3 percent; Nigeria’s national rural povertyRead MoreThe Political Economy Of Globalization1699 Words   |  7 Pagesboth discuss globalization in detail and both have similar views regarding globalization. In the chapter â€Å"The Political Economy of Globalization† Layna Mosley asks the question whether globalizations effect on government policy making has adverse effects on the state of the global economy or if governments retain autonomy in regards to policymaking despite globalization. She analyzes trends in globalization and the hypothesis of â€Å"the race to the bottom† as well as economic openness and if governmentRead MoreThe Welfare State and Government Responses to Economic Openness1668 Words   |  7 Pagesand Government Responses to Economic Openness I. Introduction Economic openness is the phenomenon in which individual economies from all over the world become increasingly connected and interdependent through greater liberalization of trade and the vast movement of goods, services, and capital across borders. With the rise of globalization, positive effects have resulted from economic openness. The widespread benefits of globalization have resulted in global economic growth, prosperity, and haveRead MoreGlobalization Is Not A New Concept1414 Words   |  6 Pagesthe growing interdependence of an economy on the others is the growing norm of the world’s society. Why the countries are dependent on one another? Can’t they survive isolated from the rest of the world? The answer is laid upon the term Globalization. The globalization is not a new concept; it even existed even thousands of years ago. However, it became much popular in the nineteenth century most prevalently after the world war when the economies around the world tend to grow and develop outside itsRead MoreImpact Of Globalization On Politics And Public Policy810 Words   |  4 PagesGlobalization greatly expands in 1990s when it is the period of business establishments nationwide (Naime, 2009). This phenomenon allows economic and politics of one country penetrate others (Mittelman, 1997). In addition, the factors of globalization includes the spatial reorganization of production, the industrialization across borders, the expansion of financial markets, the diffusion of identical consumer goods to distant countries, massive transfers of population and emerging worldwide preferenceRead MoreGlobalization s Effect On The State s Strength And Weakness938 Words   |  4 Pagesknown as Globalization which effects not only how the world interacts with each other but how nations develop or cease to develop. In Martin Wolf’s â€Å"Will the Nation-Sate Survive Globalization?† Wolf explains the advances all over the world, which has brought us to where we are today, because of globalization. However, Wolf argues that just because nations are changing and advancing due to globalization, doesn’t mean states have become weaker or less important during these societal and economic developmentsRead MoreEssay on The Opportunities and Risks of Globalization1560 Words   |  7 PagesGlobalization, both as an ideology and process, has become the dominant political, economical and cultural force in the 21st century. Quote from Globalism: The New Market Ideology by Manfred D.Steger, Page 6 Globalization is one of the most charged issues of the day. It is everywhere in public discourse - in TV sound bites and slogans on placards, in web-sites and learned journals, in parliaments, corporate boardrooms and labor meeting halls. Extreme opponents charge it with impoverishi ngRead MoreGlobalization1305 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Globalization, by definition, is the integration and democratization of the world s culture, economy, and infrastructure through transnational investment, rapid spread of communication and information technologies, and the impacts of free-market on local, regional and national economies. The golden words of late Dr. Mahbub ul Haq provides the true vision: Globalization is no longer an option, it is a fact. Developing countries have either to learn to manage it far more skilfully, or simplyRead MoreThe Phenomenon of Globalization1498 Words   |  6 PagesA precise definition of the concept of globalization has not been formulated despite the efforts of many experts in a variety of disciplines. Nevertheless, there is little doubt that globalization has begun to take effect throughout the world and that as it develops it has begun to transform the worlds economy, its social structure, and political balance (Roundtree, 2006). How pervasive these changes may be remains to be seen but the fact that they are taking place cannot be denied. As indicatedRead MoreEssay on Globalization: Sharing Our Prosperity With the World1388 Words   |  6 Pages Globalization is the growing interdependence of the worlds people that involves the integration of economies, technologies, and cultures (Bradshaw). It is described as the increased movement of people, knowledge and ideas, and goods and money across national borders that have led to the increased interconnectedness among the world. Globalization is often thought of in economic terms but as we know there are three major components implicated with this idea including: economics, politics, and

Safe Journey Free Essays

string(33) " not a new venture in the world\." SAFEJOURNEY 1. Introduction Since the innovation of diesel engine mankind has got new dimensions in their piece of living conditions i. e. We will write a custom essay sample on Safe Journey or any similar topic only for you Order Now the civilization. Most important achievement thereby was that men got the motion. These diesel engines gave shape in manifold. In transport sector the horse car/coach were started replacing by motorcars of different sizes and shapes to fit the needs of mankind. The addition of petrol engine has accelerated the rate. In the present era nobody can even think of avoiding the elements of transportation because the society has become too much dependent on this. But still there is a problem. The problem lies with the technology. Nobody can claim that these technologies will never fail. Due to mechanical fault, poor maintenance, overuse, overage, misuse etc these failures occur. Though we are aware of these and may take preventive and reactive measures to avoid those situations but these failures are still day-to-day phenomena. Think about a situation – where your personal vehicle becomes out of order on the highway in a remote place. If so, what is the remedy? There are some arrangements by the Government. However, that could not earn the faith of the public. Thus, in our case, this aspect is still remaining uncared. The astute investors could have identified the need of assistance in such situation in many countries. The effort of our new service oriented firm Safejourney is to care these aspects. The purpose of this plan is to analyze the strategic and situational aspect of the firm and focus market product, marketing mix and thereby project a detailed marketing plan of the firm. The scope of this plan will be limited to the following: Concept Development Process †¢ Company Description †¢ Strategic Analysis †¢ Situation Analysis †¢ Market Product Focus †¢ Marketing Mix †¢ Financial Analysis †¢ Organization †¢ Implementation †¢ Evaluation and Control While formulating the plan firstly our effort is to highlight the concept development process, followed by the orientation with the company. Then Mission, goals and core competency of the organ ization will be covered under strategic analysis. Thereafter, analytical part of the plan will include – SWOT, industry, competitor, company and customer analysis. The market, product and financing objectives of the organization and also target market identification will be the contents of the product market focus. This part will also mention the Unique Selling Proposition [USP] and positioning plan of the organization. Then under the marketing program 4 P’s i. e. marketing mix will be illustrated. The financial analysis and organization’s planned set up will be discussed followed by the implementation plan. Finally, the evaluation and control measures will be pen-pictured. We have carried out a detailed study, which was a combination of primary and secondary data analysis and empirical study. Our contact method was mainly in the form of personal interviews with the competent official of the concerned authority, and collecting public views associated to this sector. We have also conducted the market survey deliberately, carried out various statistical analyses by testing related hypotheses. Collection of associated data from Bangladesh Road Transport Authority and Bangladesh Police [traffic control] were also a part of the survey. Thereby, we have found it is feasible to serve the victims of the roads. 2. CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT PROCESS 2. 1 The Idea Generation Bangladesh is a third world developing country. The country’s GDP is not again encouraging. Therefore, the people cannot always effort to have all first hand / brand new vehicles of any sorts. The used vehicles are not always reliable and often found to be out of order. Moreover, poor infrastructure of the country has also strong influence to cause such failure – a fatal accident is not also an exception to it. The arrangements offered by the Government to support such cases are often seem to be inadequate, time consuming, costly and failed to earn confidence. Thus, there is always a need to support those victims in terms of mechanical, medical, psychological and emergency assistance. This led us to create the idea of a service organization to support in this regard. 2. 2 Concept Development The concept of providing necessary service by Safejourney is to have number of Highway Mobile Patrols [HMP] and Static service points at regular intervals. Maintaining a reliable communication network, our teams will be called by our valued customers and in response, will be capable to reach the spot within 30 minutes. Service charge will be collected depending upon the degree of assistance rendered. Membership will be offered on the basis of annual subscription. 2. 3 Nature of Service Safejourney will have the capability to offer the following services: Small scale repair work on the spot. Medium scale repair work at the static service points (Towing facilities will be included) Large scale repair work at the zonal workshops (Towing facilities will be included) Available at the static service points. On call. First aid will be provided on requirement. Evacuation support:Will be provided on emergency basis. 2. 4 Investment/Benefits/ Commissions/ Business 2. 4. Investment Concept 1Invest to purchase vehicles, repair machineries, establishment of Head offices, zonal workshops static service points. Concept 2Invest to establish versatile communication network. Concept 3Invest in acquiring required manpower. Concept 4Invest in promotional and social activities. 2. 4. 2 Benefits Concept 1Earnings from membership charges. Concept 2Earnings from service charges. Concept 3Earnings from charges of emergency support. 5. Time Frame Concept 1To provide services round the clock. Concept 2To reach the spot within 30 minutes after calling. Concept 3To provide medical and emergency support as and when required. 6. Number of Outlets /Service Points Concept 1To arrange service facilities in the major highways. Concept 2At least two mobile patrols under each static service points. Concept 3Static service points are to be established every after 70/80 km. Concept 4Zonal offices are to be established near the major cities. Concept 5Head office is to be established at Dhaka. 3. Company Description 3. 1History Although it is new for the country like Bangladesh, service organization as Safejourney is not a new venture in the world. You read "Safe Journey" in category "Essay examples" In Germany, there is such an organization known as â€Å"Allgemeiner Deutscher Automobile- Club† in short ADAC operating for more than 40 years. Earning the confidence and faith of the public is the first and foremost criteria for most of the businesses success. If one can achieve it, other part of the business becomes much easier. The newly established firm Safejourney is the pioneer in Bangladesh in this field. 2. Name The legal name of the firm is SAFEJOURNEY BANGLADESH PRIVATE LIMITED and the motto of Safejourney is Destination Guaranteed†¦ 3. Purpose The purposes of Safejourney are described as follows: ? To provide quality repair and recovery services to the vehicles on the prescribed highways. To support the under mentioned services in emergency: a. Providing First aid to the accident Injuries. b. Evacuating the serious cases to the nearest hospital/ clinic. c. In case of criminal act, providing support by informing highway Patrol Police. d. To provide transportation service to anyone on payment only in emergency cases. ? In future we plan to render our communication network facilities to the transport companies. 4. Functional Activities Safejourney has started her journey to serve the victims of the roads and persons in emergencies. On receiving the call from the customers our control station will intimate the matter and appropriate location to the responsible zonal office and / or static point keeping divisional office informed. The zonal office or static points will than direct the nearest Highway Mobile Patrol (HMP) to the spot. HMP, upon initial investigation will render effort to repair the necessary defects. If the case appears to be relatively difficult, the vehicle will be towed to the respective static point. Likewise, major cases will be handled by the zonal workshop. In simple cases, on completion of the necessary repair jobs the customer will pay the bill prepared by HMP as per prescribed price chart. The members will get the discount if he/she possesses the Safejourney ID Card. In case of major / difficult cases the customer may pay in the head office or any of the zonal offices. A diagrammatical presentation of functional activities is as in Appendix A 3. 5 Organization It is essential to have a very well structured organisation to achieve the success in any kind of business. Thus, Safejourney has taken all out effort o organize both the administrative and functional aspects in order to ensure a quality service, secured and unbroken flow of information, good administration, better co-operation and co-ordination. Therefore, overall planning, organizing, leading and controlling aspects of Safejourney are vested on the head office. Under head office there are various departments for loo king after the administrative perspectives of the firm. Moreover, our service areas are divided in three divisions. The divisions are again subdivided into area/zones to have a better control of the functional perspective of our organisation. However, a detail of Administrative Organisation of Safejourney is illustrated in Appendix B and Functional Organization of Safejourney is illustrated in Appendix C of this plan. 6. Establishment and Number of Outlets/Service Points We have offered initially three major route of the country. The routes are as follows: †¢ Dhaka – Chittagong Road †¢ Dhaka – Bogra – Rajshahi Road †¢ Dhaka – Jessore – Khulna Road Our head office is located in Dhaka, whereas the Divisional offices are in Chittagong, Bogra and Jessore. Detail of the Zonal Workshops, Static service points and outlets are presented in Appendix D of this plan. . 0 STRATEGIC ANALYSIS 4. 1 Mission Reaching our customers with in 30 minutes after calling at anytime on the highways when someone gets stuck with his/her vehicle and repair it to make him/her feel safe. 4. 2 Objectives 4. 2. 1 Financial Objective †¢ To earn an annual rate of return on investment at 20%. †¢ To Make Profit 20% above sales. †¢ To reduce the amount of investment capital where possible. †¢ To acquire 3500 members by year 5 †¢ To reach at the breakeven point by year 5 †¢ To achieve 80% of the market share by year 2008. 4. 2. 2 Marketing Objective †¢ To repair 30 vehicles per route each day. To provide better quality service than the potential competitors. †¢ To provide superior and timely repair †¢ To achieve strong brand name. †¢ To establish capable and systematic service outlets at each 60-80 km intervals. †¢ To ensure wide geographic coverage than rivals’ and potential competitors. †¢ To ensure higher level of customer satisfaction. †¢ To provide limited first aid and transportation to accident injuries to increase social value. 4. 3 Core Competency and sustainable competitive advantage Core competency means the achievement of significant competitive advantage by a firm over its rivals. Our core competency will be reaching in time to the customers and providing services of better quality than our competitors. 4. 3. 1 Reaching in time to the customers: We will have number of service centers each after 60-80 km. So, any one calling us over mobile/ T T phone, we will ensure our presence with in 30 minutes. This will make the customers feel safe and confident about our organization. 4. 3. 2 Providing better quality service: At present our main competitors are the old aged roadside or sub-urban based repair workshops. Our services will be provided in time with the modern equipment and of course we will maintain our quality. . 3. 3 Pioneer advantage: Though there are number of repair workshops but we are the first to provide on call services on the highways with fast speed and responsibilities. At present we don’t have much strong competitors, but even new competitors enter, we will have customer’s preferences as we are the first in this business. We will a lready have lot of members and hold the lion share of the market. 5. 0 SITUATION ANALYSIS 5. 1 SWOT Analysis 5. 1. 1 Strength: Main strengths of â€Å"safe journey† are identified as follows: 5. 1. 2. Weakness: The weaknesses are as follows: business is based on happenings of some eventualities . 1. 3. Opportunity: Opportunity means where the company can operate profitably. The Opportunities of safeJourney are as follows: 5. 1. 4 Threat: The happenings which may create obstruction in achieving our business objectives are as follows: 5. 2 Industry Analysis â€Å"SateJourney â€Å"is a service oriented organization. There are many others who provide the same services to the customers. There are many workshops located in the rural, suburban or urban areas. The rural or suburban based workshops are old aged, that doesn’t have any efficient system of identifying the problems and repairing those. There are few big sized workshops in the city areas but they hardly provide on call service. They also don’t have an efficient way of dealing with the customers. As a whole in the industry nobody is holding absolute supremacy. ‘Safe Journey’ will enter the business considering the aspects of winning customers’ mind. The competitors will not affect its operation and business objectives. The local workshops are weak but close competitors. City based service centers are strong but distant competitors, so ‘SafeJourney ‘will enjoy almost monopoly in the rural highways and likely to face pure competition in the urban areas. . 3 Competitor Analysis 5. 3. 1 Brand Competitor: SafeJourney is the first company to provide mobile repair service and serve the customers even in the remote place on the high ways. Thereby at present we don’t find any brand competitor of ours. 5. 3. 2 Industry Competitor: Our service is based on repair services of the auto mobiles. There are many other small or big workshops providing the same kind of services. So they are our industry competitors. 5. 3. 3 Form Competitor: This service provides the need for safety on the high ways by repair and maintaining vehicles. There are few other workshops other than automobile workshops that also carryout some sort of repair works like motor cycle or bicycle repair. They are our form competitors. 5. 3. 4 Generic Competitor: Ours generic competitors would be anyone taking away our customers. The roadside restaurants, tower vehicles, public transports are few of our generic competitors. 5. 4 Company Analysis Our company will have numbers of static points (service centers) each after 60-80 km distance on the highways. Those static points will remain under direct control of Head office located at Dhaka. We will also have offices in other major cities. They will deal with membership, complains, suggestions for operation and future expansion of the business. 5. 5 Customer Analysis 5. 5. 1 On the basis of buying Roles 5. 5. 2 On the basis of customer Buying Behavior Our service falls in the complex buying behavior group as it is a high involvement service. Customers normally don’t come to the workshops unless they need it. Again for yearly membership one has to pay Tk5000. Thereby, it is a service that involves a good amount of money. Customers will think twice to be a member of Safejourney. Thus, our customers buying will follow complex buying behavior. 6. 0 MERKET PRODUCT FOCUS 6. 1. Financial, Marketing and Service Objective 6. 1. 1 Financial Objective 6. 1. 2. Marketing Objective. 6. 1. 3. Product / Service objective 6. 2 Target Market 6. 2. 1. The Selection of Target Market The Underlying logic and hypothesis dictated us to select the specific target markets: 6. 2. 2. Market Segmentation To attain the objective of our business plan, bases for our market segmentation is Demographic and psychographic factors. Under the demographic, the segment variables are social class and occupation. In social class the upper class and upper middle class is our focal point. And under occupation we have mainly focused to the business class. Under the psychographic bases we have considered the social values to be our main segment variables. People who are highly security concerned and highly time concerned are the point of concentration here. 6. 2. 3 Specific Target Group Basing on our logic/ hypothesis, our market segmentation has led us to select the following specific target groups as our customers: Private car owners. Business class traveling in personal/ official car. Taxi cab companies Transport owners/ Agencies. The target groups as per the segmentation can be categorized as under: |Market segment |Customer group | |Market segment 1 |Private car owners | |Market segment 2 |Business class | |Market segment 3 |Transport owners/Agencies, Taxicab companies. 6. 2. 4 Effectiveness of the Targeted Market Segment. Effectiveness of the segmentation can be measured using five useful criteria. These are Measurability, Substitutability, Accessibility, Differentiability and Actionable criteria. Testing of our segmentation based on these criteria is shown as under: Market Segment |Measurable |Substantial |Accessible |Differentiable |Action-able | |MS 1 |Very Good |Large and highly |Easily Accessible |Good |Effective and | | | |profitable | | |feasible plan can | | | | | | |be formulated | |MS 2 |very Good |Large and Profitable |Accessible |Good |Effective and | | | | | |feasible plan can | | | | | | |be formulated | |MS3 |very Good |Very Large and profit |Acc essible |Good |Effective and | | | |able | | |Feasible plan can | | | | | | |be formulated | 6. 3 Point of Difference One of the most important factors for launching any new product/ service is the points of differentiation. We will differentiate our service from the competitor in respect of service, personnel and image differentiation. 6. 3. 1 Service Differentiation The key to success of our business will lie in adding value to the services and continuous improvement of quality. SafeJourney will differentiate its service from others in respect of following attributes: Ordering Ease |Any one facing the problem in highway can easily call us | | |simply making a phone call. Need not to take the trouble of | | |searching around miles together for someone leaving the | | |vehicle in uncertainty. | |Delivery |The mobile workshop of SafeJourney will be committed to solve | | |the problem in a speedy manner with adequate care and | | |accuracy. |Special service and Maintenance |Any one ca lling SafeJourney for a mechanical problem of | | |vehicles will be provided with free wind shield wash to that | | |vehicle and the assurance will be provided that any further | | |problem for same reason will be given free service in that | | |particular journey. | 6. 3. 2 Personnel Differentiation ‘SafeJourney’ will gain a strong competitive advantage by developing a better-trained people. For attaining this we will emphasize on the following aspect: Competence: The engineer/ mechanics of ‘safeJourney’ will possess the required skill and knowledge to deal with any mechanical/ technical problem of any type of vehicle. The mechanics will be grouped in such manner so that they can deal with any problem of the affected vehicle for which they are called for. ? Courtesy: The employees of our service will be trained to behave in a friendly, respectful and considerate manner in response to any problem given by the customer. ? Credibility: The trustworthiness of the service will be developed by providing price rate card from the company along with the specific identity card for the employees. ? Responsiveness: The Company will have a quick response in any call by sending the mobile workshop within half an hour on the spot. Communication: ‘Safejourney’ will keep the system of communicating about any problem/ comments by giving a comment card while solving the vehicle problem. This will be used by the management for further improvement of service. 6. 3. 3 Image Differentiation Our service will give adequate emphasis on building an image of quick and quality service. To do this, we will express our messages in symbols, written and audiovisual media, different events and also by employee behavior. 6. 3. 4 Unique Selling Proposition (USP) This is the factor which will attract the customer to accept our service rather than the competitors. We will concentrate on the following USP of our service. Caring about customer’s time. G reater attention on safety measures. First to provide reliable mobile repair/ recovery service in the country. 6. 4 Positioning To attain a distinctive position in the customer’s mind we will give adequate emphasis on our unique selling proposition. We will create an image of the company by promoting the idea â€Å"SafeJourney–for people who cares about time and safety†. 6. 4. 1 Positioning strategy For attaining the desired positioning in customer’s mind we will adopt the double benefit strategy. We will claim two benefit in this regard: The fastest. The safest 7. 0 MARKETING PROGRAM 7. 1 Service Strategy 7. 1. 1 Type of Service This is a utility service for providing mobile mechanical/ technical support to the vehicles facing problems in highways. This will ensure a quick and easy service which will allow the travelers to reach to their destination safely without wasting the time. 7. 1. 2. Features of service The service will be provided both in membership and non membership basis and have the following features to provide: Repair and Recovery a. The first effort will be given to reach to the spot with mobile workshop by half an hour of receiving any call. b. The main effort will be in repairing the vehicle on spot as quickly as possible. c. Relatively difficult cases will be handled by the static service point d. In case of major difficulties the option will be given to deliver the vehicle to the desired destination after necessary repair works. Emergency Service a. Providing first aid to the accident injuries. b. Evacuating the serious cases to the nearest hospital/ clinic. c. In case of criminal act, providing support by informing highway Patrol Police. d. To provide transportation service to anyone on payment only in emergency cases. Communication service a. The company will establish an internal communication system for its operation. b. The company will render this facility to be used by the transport companies on the basis of payment. 7. 1. 3 Brand Name The brand name of the service is given ‘SafeJourney. ’ This is done to create a favorable brand image and brand familiarity by adding the safety as a sensitive issue. All necessary exposure and promotion activities will be done to uphold the different attributes, benefits and values related to the brand. 7. 1. 4 Special / After Service offer To create favorable positive response to the mind of customers the following special offerings will be kept: ? The provision will be kept to provide free windshield wash for the vehicle where applicable. ? Once given service by any mobile workshop the free service guarantee will be given if any problem faced for same reason in that journey. ? For dealing with the emergency situation, the service will be rendered 24 hours. 7. 1. 5 Sources of Spare parts Contacts will be made with the authorized dealer of various motor parts to keep the supply of spare parts available. The amount of the various spares parts inventory will be decided basing on the requirement. 7. 2 Price Strategy 7. 2. 1 List Price Transparency in transaction is considered as one of the most important issues of our business policy. To maintain the trustworthiness and transparency, list price of all types of service will be kept/ hanged with the mobile service team and other service centre. The list price will be also published in the advertisement in print media. A minimum fixed charge of Tk. 250 will be charged for every vehicle calling for service. Other charges will vary basing on the intensity of the job. A model of list price is shown as under: PRICE LIST SERIAL NO |SERVICE DESCRIPTION |PRICE | | | |(In Taka) | |01 |Call charge |250 | |02 |Membership Subscription |5000 | |03 |Servicing |250 | |04 |Oil change |100 | |05 |Air Lock Clearance |250 | |06 |Fuel line Clearance |250 | |07 |Tappet Clearance |800 |08 |Cylinder Head Leakage Repair |1000 | |09 |Timing |2000 | |10 |Sp ark Plug Change |600 | |11 |Self Starter |500 | |12 |Fuse Box |100 | |13 |Carburetor Cleaning |200 | |14 |Gear Box Repair |500 | |15 |AC pump Repair |300 | |16 |Break Repair |500 | |17 |Steering Gear Repair |500 | |18 |Electric Circuit |250 | |19 |Lighting |250 | |20 |Spare parts |As per mkt price | 7. 2. 2 Discount To Increase the membership number and attract the customers a 65% discount will be given to the members of safeJourney. 7. 2. 3 System of payment The Payment system will be on the basis of cash payment before delivery. However, the payment may be made at any zonal / area offices also. 7. 2. 4 Different Price strategy. We plan to adopt different price strategies in different situation. ? At Launching Stage. As this is a new service in this country, our company being first to enter in this business will have a pioneer advantage. And as we will not have any brand competitor at this stage so we will adopt cost plus policy at this stage. The assumption led us to follow this policy is the substitute awareness effect which tells that customers are less price sensitive when they are less aware of substitutes. ? At Brand competitive Stage. In Brand competitive stage it is likely that new entrants will also come in this business. If we face challenges by the new entrants in terms of price strategy, we will face this by adding new values and better quality through more promotional activities. As the new entrants are likely to face huge amount of initial investment expenditure, it is likely to be difficult for the competitors to snatch our significant market share. Again a substantial amount of revenue in the business will come through the membership subscription which is given yearly. So due to involvement of high switch over cost customers are less likely to switch over to new competitors. ‘The difficult comparison effect’ of price sensitivity also supports our strategy as it speaks — customers are less price sensitive when they cannot easily compare the quality of substitutes. However in this stage we may have to go for the price cut strategy basing on the market condition. 7. 2. 5. Pricing Method Basing on the market survey and the result of our hypothesis we have used a combination of both perceived value pricing and going rate pricing method to select our price. 7. 3 Promotion Strategies Promotion is considered as one of the greatest market winning factor to increase the sales of own product/ service. It consists of different promotion mix i. e. advertisement, Sales Promotion, Personal Selling, Direct Selling and Public Relation (PR) . The promotion activities also varies basing on the product/Service life cycle through which a product/ service comes from introductory stage to growth, maturity and at last at declining stage. So our promotional activity will also vary in response to different life cycle of our service in following ways: 7. 3. 1 Introductory Stage In this stage our main strategy will be to create the customer awareness about the brand name of our service. Since the service involves the complex buying behavior, the main emphasis will be given to the print media. The promotional activities include: Regular advertisement in daily newspaper and magazines. Using Billboard in the entrance and exit of the petrol pump. Using Billboard in highways with repeated intervals. In TV and radio highlighting our USP during the commercial slot. ? Providing attractive and colorful posters, calendars etc to the car sales centre. 7. 3. 2 Growth Stage At this stage the strategy will be to create brand familiarity to keep the present customers satisfied and to attract the new customers. This will be done as follows: ? Differentiation advertisements in both print media and loud media frequently. ? Create value chain for the existing members by sending small gifts like calendars, cards etc containing the brand symbol Arranging different types of PR programs. 7. 3. 3Maturity Stage At this stage the strategy will be to keep the people conscious about our product by various remainder advertisement and other programs It includes: Remainder advertisement in both print media and loud media. ? To increase brand preferences providing advertisement with celebrities. Arranging various PR Programs. Sponsoring different games/ sports cultural programs etc. 7. 3. 4 Decline stage Starting from the maturity stage onward, the amount of our market share is likely to decrease. At decline stage it will tend to reduce more. But the human psychology about time and safety will always exist. The market is also likely to expand. Even though, the company may face difficulties due to more number of competitors. To overcome the problem, the following strategy will be adopted: Providing new features to the customers by making differentiation. Giving reminder advertisement both in print and loud media Arranging PR programs using satisfied customers etc. 7. Placement (Distribution strategy) The Placement strategy is very important to ensure that the company’s product/ service are passed through the right channel to achieve the objective of the company. 7. 4. 1 Places to Serve Initially the service will be started only in three important routes. These routes are: Dhaka – Chittagong h ighways. Dhaka – Jessore – Khulna highways Dhaka – Bogra- Rajshahi highways Subsequently basing on the feedback and market condition the number of routes will be increased. 7. 4. 2 Channel Strategies The channel of our service will be direct. ? Head office -Zonal service centre – Static Point- Mobile service workshop We will also increase the number of zonal offices/ service centre to most of the district towns. ? We will also acquire the local agency to act as the local representatives in zonal offices. ? The detail distribution channel is illustrated in Appendix E. 8. 0 FINANCIAL DATA AND PROJECTIONS | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |8. Initial Investment | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Fixed Expenditure | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Item | | | Tk in Lacs | | | | | |Construction/Office | | |7 | | | | | |Office Furniture | |7 | | | | | |Vehicle Procurement | |223. 4 | | | | | |Tel/Mobile | | |9. 4 | | | | | |Tool s and Equip | |25 | | | | | |Promotion | | |10 | | | | | |Training | | |3 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Total | | |284. 54 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 8. 2 Yearly Expenditure | | | |Tk in Lacs | | |Salary | | |85. 3 |Details Shown in Appendix F | |Tel Bills | | |9. 48 | | |Fuel | | |35 | | |Rent-Office/Outlets | | |81. 4 | | |Promotion | | |12 | | |Electricity/Gas/Water |5. 64 | | |Miscellaneous | | |6. 4 | | | | | | | | |Total | | |235. 69 | | | | | | | | 8. 3 Projected Yearly Return in 5 Years From providing highway Service | | | | |Yearly |In 5 Years | |Per Day 30 Cases X 3 Routes X 500 X 365 |164. 25 |821. 25 | | | | | Tk in Lacs From Membership Charges Year | | |Tk in Lacs | |Year 1 |1000 |5000 |50 | |Year2 |2000 |5000 |100 | |Year 3 |3000 |5000 |150 | |Year 4 |3500 |5000 |175 | |Year 5 |3500 |5000 |175 | | | | | | |Total income in 5 Years 650 | 8. 4 Calculation of Payback Period | | |Taka In Lacs | | | | | | | | | |Year |1 |2 |3 |4 |5 |6 | | | | | | | | | |Opening Bal |-284. 5 4 |-305. 98 |-277. 42 |-198. 86 |-95. 3 | | |Cash out flow |-235. 69 |-235. 69 |-235. 69 |-235. 69 |-235. 69 |-235. 69 | |Cash in flow |214. 25 |264. 25 |314. 25 |339. 25 |339. 25 |339. 25 | |End Bal |-305. 98 |-277. 42 |-198. 86 |-95. 3 |8. 5 |103. 56 | | | | | | | | | | |Fraction of years=330. 99/339. 25=. 975 Years. | | | | | | | |Total Pay back Period =4+. 975=4. 975 Years. | | 8. 5 Projected Profit |Expected profit in year 5 = Tk 8. 25 Lac | |Expected profit from year 6 onwards = Tk. 103. 56 Lac | 9. 0 IMPLEMENTATION PLAN Implementation is the key success factor for any business. The business planning may be the best but if implementation plan is wrong the business will fail to achieve its objectives. To achieve our business objectives we plan our business in the following way: 9. 1 Services Strategy Safejourney will provide services to the customers as and when they call. Someone may get services if they come directly to the static points. Our efforts will be to establish strong communication network to reach our customers using existing T T facilities and mobile networks. We will also have our own communication network to ease our customers to reach us at anytime. Practice of mobile patrol on the highways to find out and meet any eventualities will also be there. Besides repair, we also plan to provide some additional services in following ways: (1) For ensuring smooth first aid service, our employees will be specially trained on first aid. (2) Delivering the vehicle at desired place after repair will be accomplished with the necessary co-ordination with zonal offices. (3) Evacuation to accident injuries will be provided by maintaining a good will and liaison with the local hospital and clinics. (4) On establishing our own communication facilities it may be rented to the transport agencies. 9. 2 Price Strategy As it was stated earlier, services will be provided on the basis of payment and we will have separate price strategy for our members and non-member customers. On accomplishment of any service, the senior mechanics will calculate the price basing on the minimum call charge, price of spare parts, membership discount rate and services as per price table and make the bill to the customer. Customer may pay the bill in cash on the spot or any of our offices/outlets. In the later case, the vehicle will be delivered only after the confirmation of the payment of the due bill. To deal with the competitors in the competitive stage, SafeJourney may also change the service charge or membership subscription as the situation demands but the quality will not be compromised in any case. 9. 3 Promotion Strategy: To implement our business strategy we will go for rapid skimming. For this we will spend an amount of Tk 1,000,000 as we launch the service. In addition to it an amount of Tk 12, 00,000 will be spent on promotional activities per year. In this regard maximum emphasis will be given to print media and using the billboard. We plan to provide advertisement on web sites also. 9. 4 Distribution Safejourney is taking all out efforts to establish a smooth, secure and effective distribution channels. Members will be enrolled either by the zonal offices directly or through local agents and few selected petrol pumps. The selected petrol pumps will be considered as exclusive distribution means. 10. 0 ORGANISATION The Head office of Safejourney will be established in Dhaka. The whole organisation is headed by Managing Director (MD). The MD will look after the overall planning, organizing, leading and controlling aspects of Safejourney. There are total six departments in head office, which are as follows: †¢ Operations and Planning †¢ Technical Support †¢ Administration and Medical †¢ Management Information System †¢ Accounts and †¢ Human Resource Management Under the department of operation and planning there will be one control station on for 24 hours. The three Divisional managers are responsible to control the three routes under the supervision of Operation department. Dhaka – Chittagong route looked after by Divisional Manager –1 (Chittagong) Dhaka – Bogra-Rajshahi route looked after by Divisional Manager –2 (Bogra) Dhaka – Jessore-Khulna route looked after by Divisional Manager –3 (Jessore) Under each Division there are three zonal offices and under the zonal offices there are three static points each. Each static point is equipped with at least two Highway Mobile Patrols. 11. 0 EVALUATION AND CONTROL To learn how well the company is running, we must evaluate the present strategy. Accordingly management will be taking decision on what should be done. For that we will evaluate our performance by finding the information of following aspects: 1] Is the competitive approach of the company is correct? [2] Could we differentiate our services from our rivals? [3] Could we provide our services at a broad spectrum or to a niche? [4] Is the geographic coverage of our services correct? [5] Are the functional activit ies of the company correct? [6] Could we make expected return/ cash flow? [7] What is the company’s image and reputation with the customers and competitors? [8] Could we make continuous improvement of our performance? We will also carry out evaluation of information continuously. This will help us to take timely decisions. We plan to carry out analysis of information on the following manner: 1] Daily earnings and expenses report. [2] Total number of customers per day. 12. 0 CONCLUSION Continuous improvement and development of new offerings is an essential part for any business success in the present world. Everyday people in the business world seek for new opportunity and spending millions in this purpose. The overall paper is developed highlighting all the detail that is required to do a successful marketing of a new offerings. The alternatives are highlighted and the provisions are kept open to carry out the necessary adjustments as the market dictates. Proper implementatio n of the plan can make the service-SafeJourney a successful one. How to cite Safe Journey, Essay examples

To the Board free essay sample

One morning I woke up, took a look out the window, and noticed something. Most of the adults were not doing anything with their lives because they didnt believe they could do anything. Every morning I wake to an argument, or people just hanging around outside because there is nothing else to do. This saddens me because I know there are opportunities if you have a decent education and determination. Growing up in the inner city as an African-American female, I have faced obstacles, including avoiding being a stereotypical teenager in a city. Although I am surrounded by those who dont believe in themselves, that does not discourage me. I know I can be successful. I believe theres something out there for me besides worrying about who had a baby or who sold drugs to whom. I see what happens to people who live that way. When I think of college, I think of opportunity, interaction and education. We will write a custom essay sample on To the Board or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I have always been taught that if you want to follow your dreams, you need to work hard. I have learned to be a leader, knowing that following the crowd will only leave me not knowing who I am or what I can be. I want to be recognized as a young black female who made it to the top with her determination and perseverance. I know people have problems and use those weaknesses to get attention. Im not trying to say that I should be recognized more than others, but I want to help those who cannot help themselves, or be the one who can talk since Ive experienced what they have and know how to overcome problems. Maybe they are like me, and only need the opportunity to achieve. If Im accepted to your college, I would show you, the world and myself what a college education could make me: a victorious, independent and well-rounded person. I hope you now realize I am a young lady with dreams I am determined to follow.

True Reasons We Love Super Bowl

True Reasons We Love Super Bowl Super Bowl is the most popular show among Americans. In a bit more than a week the whole nation will be glued to the screen to see the game. And there is a number of reasons for that! Loving NFL is a long lasting tradition, so nobody actually asks questions like Why watch Super Bowl? or Why do you like Super Bowl? or (God forbid) What is Super Bowl? However, we decided to bring these wonderful Super Bowl things together to make your week of game anticipation even more exciting. This post is also for Super Bowl haters. You still time to change your mind start loving Super Bowl (because in week its going to be too late!) Bringing Folks Together Okay, maybe there’s a fair amount of other things going on in this world that need more attention. And yes, it would be nice if we saw the same passion and fervor for civil rights and personal liberties these days. But at least this magical game, when the best of the best go head to head and the commenters are flipping out, brings people together in sports bars and living rooms across the land. Chanting, cheering, stumbling around, and pretty much going quasi-insane for a few hours. It’s good fun. And listen, Super Bowl parties run the whole gauntlet from two dudes in their boxers in their dorm room eating Cheetos from the vending machine on the first floor†¦to blockbuster block parties and after-parties that literally anger the gods. It proves that whether you want it or not football is a part of our national heritage†¦a part of the DNA, to be more precise. Special Food Chips and dips, wings and BBQ feasts, casseroles galore Super Bowl food comes in many different nuances of class and sophistication. There’s your cheap and dirty munchies finished off with piss beer and then all the more â€Å"adult† parties where they take some time to make decent grub: gourmet sandwiches, tiny sirloin burgers, high-brow quesadillas, etc. If you get invited to one of these parties start counting your blessings! The food rocks no matter what though. And, while the game’s going it doesn’t matter if it’s the most fattening food in the known galaxy. Halftime Commercials Rule Corporations pull out all the stops, it’s madness! Throughout the rest of the year most commercials are like Super Villain fingernails carving words into chalk boards. Then suddenly, this one spellbinding game comes around and almost all the commercials are either super-deep thinker-pieces, or funny as hell. According to superbowl-commercials.org (yep, there’s a website for everything), here are a couple big hits from 2014: NSA – Smile, We Know When You’re Not (youtube.com/watch?v=NcAEjvT-Ri8#t=97) A commercial like this can only happen during a Super Bowl. AXE – Make Love, Not War (youtube.com/watch?v=UIecNEIaPao) It makes sense during the Super Bowl, everything does. Oh man, then you’ve got the halftime show, which, let’s be honest, is pretty hit or miss. Some years it’s dull or you’re laughing all over the place. But some years, wow, the show knocks your socks off and typically delivers some controversy to boot! In case you’re wondering, the Billboard list of the Best Half-Time shows claims these are the top 3 so far: Prince, in 2007: â€Å"But the explosive coda was Purple Rain, which had the stadium full of testosterone-pumped football fanatics waving their arms and howling in falsetto.† U2, in 2002: This was the mega-heart-wrenching tribute to 9/11 set when the wound was still very deep and fresh for the nation. Madonna, 2012: This got some pretty mixed reviews. But that’s the beauty of it, there are winners and losers in every aspect of the game, even in terms of entertainment. Rivalries Are Fun True, it’s not so cool when these rivalries get out of hand and people riot after football games. But to be honest, sports rivalries are much safer than wars, battles, revolutions, civil upheaval, geopolitical struggles, and all the other sorts of violent ways people create to release some steam. The Super Bowl let’s people who love the game really beat up a few pillows, scream at TVs, throw controllers, pull out a little hair, tear a jersey or two, and stomp around like they’ve got the last of their savings account riding on the game. Great Success Stories We follow NFL for the whole year. We know the players and all about them what coffee they drink, how their girlfriends look like and their football career, of course. We know the strengths and weaknesses of each team. And one day here they are on the field. The struggle begins. Each move counts. Each moment can be decisive. One big winning or a big failure. Fans rage. Thats the atmosphere where the legends are born. These stories are remembered and passed from generation to generation. These stories inspire. So, each Super Bowl is legendary and cant be missed for anything on earth. And that’s why we love the Super Bowl! Are there any reasons you like Super Bowl that we didnt mention! Agree or disagree with us in the comments!

When Should I Take the ACT for the First Time

When Should I Take the ACT for the First Time SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Are you starting to ask yourself, When should I take the ACT for the first time?The answer to this is a little more complex thanthe question. There are several factors to consider here, so let's review them so you can make an informed decision. First, when do most students take the ACT for the first time? Typical ACT Schedule Many students take the ACT two or three times to try to improve and hit their target scores. They take it for the first time in the fall of junior year, again in the spring, and for the final time in the fall of senior year. This schedule is a solid plan for a lot of students and gives them a good balance between schoolwork, test prep, and college applications. Apart from the pros of this typical schedule, there are a few cons to consider. The first and foremost is that it limits your available test dates. While the ACT is offered 6times throughout the year, in September, October, December, February, April, and June, realistically you'll need time between each test sitting to prep effectively and see score improvements. Taking the ACT in the fall of junior year leaves most studentswith about three test dates to hit their target scores. This might be totally sufficient for some students, but others might benefit from having more chances to take the ACT. Having more test dates protects you if you have a fluke testing day and get sick or can't sleep the night before. Starting earlier so you have more test datesmight also take off some of the pressure, because you won't feel like you're running out of time to achieve your scores. Let's look closer at some reasons why many students step outside this typical test-taking schedule and sign up to take the ACT earlier than the fall of junior year. Why Would You Take the ACT Early? As I touched on briefly above, one major motivation for signing up your first ACT earlier than junior year is simply to give yourself more test dates, and thus more opportunities, to hit your target scores. More Test Dates Let's say you take the ACT in the fall of sophomore year. Your scores are okay, but you think you can make them even better. You have a sense of what you need to study to improve and focus your test prep on those sections or question types. Then you take it again in the spring of sophomore year. If you're still not satisfied, you still have a bunch more test dates to choose from and over a year to keep prepping. Just starting a year earlier could double your opportunities to take the ACT. This could help relieve stress and safeguard you in case anything unexpected comes up and interferes with testing day. Rather than pushing your test dates up against your college application deadlines, you can separate these two pursuits and give yourself more space to breathe and take your time. At the same time, you only want to sign up for and take the ACT if you've put in some test prep first. You want to study for at least 10 hours to familiarize yourself with the format, timing, and instructions of the test. However, in our experience, something like 100 hours of total study time is better to gain expertise and see a real improvement in your approach, understanding, and scores. If you're taking the ACT early, you also should prep early. While taking the real test is valuable experience, you also shouldn't take any real tests with absolutely zero preparation. In rare cases, a huge score change between your first and second test could alert ACT scorers and lead to them withholding or even canceling your scores. So moving your first ACT test date up a year or two should also coincide with moving your prep schedule up. Another reason you might take this approach is if you're "superscoring" the ACT and building up your scores one section at a time. You're Superscoring the ACT Many colleges superscore the ACT, or take your highest section scores across all test dates and recombine them into a new, highest composite score. Not a lot of students know that theycan actually use this policy to their advantage by "superscoring" their tests, just like the colleges. What I mean by superscoring your tests is that you can strategically build up your ACT superscore section by section. On one test date, for example, you could focus a lot of your prep and energy on getting a high Reading score. The next you could focus intensively on English, then on math, and then on science (or focus on two or three sections at a time). As long as your colleges take your highest section scores, and not your highest "sitting" score on one date, then you might get a high ACT score gradually, rather than all at once. Just as I mentioned above, you don't want to treat any test date or section as a "throwaway," because huge fluctuations could be a red flag to colleges or the ACT scorers. For the most part, you can choose which score reports to send to colleges, but some require that you send all your scores across all testing dates and expect you to be honest and comply with this policy. When designing your testing schedule, you want to be aware of your colleges' policy towards standardized tests and countit in as an important factor. If your collegesdon't require all scores, then really you could take the ACT as many times as you want (well, technically you can take it a maximum of 12 times). But I wouldn't suggest going past 6 times, as it could start to be a waste of time and money. Plus if you're finding yourself dissatisfied with your scores over and over, you probably should rethink your test prep strategy and figure out how to make it more productive and effective. Besides being strategic about raising your ACT scores, you might also want to take the ACT earlier just to gain valuable real test experience. Real Test Experience While timing yourself and taking practice tests (and analyzing your results) is a key part of test prep, no practice test can truly mimic the experience of sitting for the official ACT. You might want to sign up for the test just to get this valuable experience, so you know exactly what to bring, when to arrive, and what snacks will boost your energy during the breaks. If you're worried about all the other factors around taking the test, like logistics of getting to your testing center and how exactly to fill out and proofread your bubble sheet, then you might benefit from taking the official ACT. You'll learn how you handle the whole experience and be prepared to improve on any weaknesses for the next time. You might also be pleasantly surprised that you have the content knowledge and skills to do well on the ACT early on, like in freshman or sophomore year. Prepared for anything. You're Prepared Enough to Take the ACT Early While the ACT covers more advanced math than the SAT and has a science section, it does not require very advanced content knowledge that only upperclassmen have. Instead, you might be well prepared with the skills and knowledge in English, Reading, Math, and Science to do well on the ACT in your freshman or sophomore year. You might even surpass the content once you move into junior and senior year, like by taking pre-calculus or calculus, and have to look back and review concepts from past years, like algebra and geometry, that have gotten rusty. Prepping early could be beneficial both for reinforcing class concepts in the context of the ACT and developing the study habits that will help you get good grades in school. You might have more time in freshman and sophomore year, before you're busy with college applications, AP classes, varsity sports, community service, or any of the other activities in which you get involved. If you're prepared with class and have the time, then putting in the effort to prep and take the ACT in 10th or even 9th grade might let you finish taking the ACT early and free up your time in junior and/or senior year. Finally, some students take the ACT even earlier, like in middle school, to qualify for special academic and talent programs. You're Competing in Talent Search Programs While the ACT is mainly a college entrance exam, some students take it earlier to qualify for talent competitions and academic programs. These programs includeBESTS at the University of Iowa, CTY at Johns Hopkins University, JBA at Truman State University, MATS at Northwestern University, and TIP at Duke University. All of these reasons described above are good ones for signing up for your first ACT earlier than the typical junior year test date. As I mentioned,there are also a few reasons to be cautious when answering the question, When should I take my first ACT? Why Might You Not Take the ACT Earlier? I touched on some reasons why you want to be careful about taking the ACT before you're ready and will elaborate on them in some more detail here. The main reason would simply be lack of preparation. While sitting for the real test is really helpful experience, it's not a good idea to go into the ACT with zero studying. Here's a more extreme case. I actually worked with a student who took the ACT just as a trial run. His scores weren't that great, so he studied for several months and then took it again. He did much better. So much better, in fact, that the ACT withheld his scores and made him go through a long process ofappeal that involved gathering letters from teachers and making a dozen phone calls to all different departments. In the end, the ACT never released his scores. This situation is very rare, but it can happen if the ACT sees a huge jump or senses inconsistencies in your test scores. Especially with recent security breaches around the ACT and SAT, these organizations carefully monitor any hint of foulplay. The moral of this story is that you don't want to take the ACT with absolutely no preparation just to see what it's like, becausethis could not only look strange to ACT, Inc, but could also just be a wasted opportunity to test. The other consideration is that some colleges want you to send all your scores from all test sittings. I would say taking the ACT up to 6 times is fair game, but any more than that might start to send the message that you're not putting in the effort to prep and have a hard time achieving your scores. To sum up, preparation is the name of the game with the ACT, so you want to find a balance between test prep and leaving yourself enough test dates to hit your target scores, line up the test with school, and design a productive schedule for you. Ask yourself these questions. Questions to Ask Yourself Along with asking, when should I take the ACT for the first time, you can ask yourself these key questions: Have I done some test prep? If you answer yes, then you can likely go ahead and register for the ACT. If no, then make some time to study before signing up. Even 10 hours of prep can make a big difference in familiarizing yourselfwith the test. What are my target scores? If you have defined your target scores, take a practice test and see how close you are to achieving them. If you are scoring much lower than your goals, then you might want to prep some more before signing up for your first ACT. How many test dates do I think I need to achieve my target scores? If you think you need more than two or three test dates to reach your target scores, or feel uneasy aboutthe idea of testing in the fall of senior year, then you probably should sign up to take the ACT as a sophomore. What are my colleges' policies regarding superscoring and sending score reports? If your colleges superscore your results, then this might be part of your testing strategy, as described above. If they want you to send all your score reports, then you might be more cautious in your approach. How can I fit test prep into my current and future schedule? If you are planning to take three AP courses junior year or are joining a varsity sports team, you might consider doing Future You a favor and prepping earlier rather than later, when you have more time and flexibility in your schedule. Once you've answered these questions, you should have a clearer sense of what prep and testing schedule work best for you. Rather than simply following the typical schedule, you should make sure you make a plan that works best with your schedule, classes, and personal goals. What's Next? Are you taking the ACT in 9th grade? What about in 10th grade? Read aboutwhat makes a good score for freshmen and sophomores on the ACT and how you can improve for next time. The best way to prepare for the ACT is with official practice questions. Download official ACT practice tests here. Time yourself, score your tests, and make sure you really analyze and understand your strengths and weaknesses. Want to improve your ACT score by 4+ points? Download our free guide to the top 5 strategies you need in your prep to improve your ACT score dramatically.

Tourism in Switzerland Literature review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Tourism in Switzerland - Literature review Example However, the impact has not been extensive because of a number of factors such as new types of tourism like health and medical tourism, strong financial services in the country, and ability of the industry players in the country to deal with the situation. Impact of Currency Fluctuation on Tourism in Switzerland Over the years, tourism has been one of the greatest phenomena that enhance human interactions, cultural exchanges, leisure activities, and economic advancements among other benefits. It is agreeable that people across the world learn new things and experience new things through tourism (Elliott and Johns, 1993). Tourism entails activities of individual or group of individuals travelling to destinations and staying in environments that are away from their usual environment for a particular period of time for leisure, pilgrimage, business and other purposes (Lundberg et al, 2005). Tourism has provided the human species with the opportunity to explore new environments and travel to various parts of the world with fewer restrictions, a scenario which would otherwise be unattainable. Due to tourism and benefits derived from it, countries hosting tourism destinations have relaxed their rules and laws on visitors visiting for tourism reasons (Reynard, 2008). Actually, in most cases, countr ies have offered both the social and economic incentives to encourage more tourists to visit their countries. Most, if not all countries in the world, have at least one or more tourist destinations (Bhatia, 2004). That fact notwithstanding, there are countries that are preferred by tourists more compared to other countries. This scenario can be attributed to a number of factors that include but are not limited to political stability in particular countries; types and qualities of tourist destinations in particular countries; socio-cultural factors; level of technological advancements; and economic factors such as currency fluctuation (Fyall & Garrod 2005). These factors not only affect the number of tourists visiting particular countries, but they also influence the frequency of their visits to those countries (Kirchgassner, 2009). In Europe, Switzerland is one of the most preferred tourist destinations. The history of tourism in Switzerland can be traced back to mid 19th century (S witzerland: Market profile, 2005). Since that time it has developed to become one of the most sophisticated industries in the country that has a considerable contribution to the country’s economy. Besides, tourism has enhanced trade and foreign relations of Switzerland with the rest of the world (Hopkins et al, 2002). The tourism infrastructure in Switzerland is one of the highly developed across the world, concentrated mostly in the cities and mountainous regions (Sommerville, 2011). Switzerland’s landscapes and Alpine climate are cited as one of the main tourists’ attractions in Switzerland. Along with that, Switzerland has one of the greatest and most diverse commercial hubs, thus making it the preferred destination for tourists (Edgell, 2008). The role of tourism in the economy of Switzerland is significant; it accounts for over four percent of the country’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Additionally, tourism industry in the country has helped in brid ging the unemployment rates as it creates employment opportunities both in the urban and rural areas (Datamonitor, 2010). Groux & Jesswein (2011) explain that tourism industry, just like most industries operating in the business environment, is subject to external environmental

Parthenogenesis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Parthenogenesis - Essay Example What is parthenogenesis Why is it a form of asexual, rather than a sexual type of reproduction What are the organisms that have the ability to undergo parthenogenesis How can the knowledge of this type of reproduction benefit genetics, biology and science as a whole These are just some of the questions we will try to answer in this paper dedicated to delve deeper into the process of parthenogenesis. The most commonly known type of reproduction is the sexual reproduction. Two parents, one male and one female, are needed to produce an offspring. The Oxford Dictionary of Biology (2004) expounds that sexual reproduction is "a form of reproduction that involves the fusion of two reproductive cells (gametes) in the process of fertilization". In general, the gametes consist of a sperm from one individual and an egg from another. In a process called fertilization, the gametes unite to form a cell called the zygote, which develops into the offspring. The new individual is genetically different from its parents. Gametes are produced through a type of cell division called meiosis. In a cell produced by this kind of division, there are only half as many chromosomes as were in the cell that produced it. Sexual reproduction occurs normally, especially in animals. ... Gametes are formed by meiosis, a special kind of cell division in the parent reproductive organs that both reassorts the genetic material and halves the chromosome number. Meiosis thus ensures genetic variability in the gametes and therefore in the offspring resulting from their subsequent fusion. Sexual reproduction, unlike asexual reproduction, therefore generates variability within a species. However, it depends on there being reliable means of bringing together male and female gametes, and many elaborate mechanisms have evolved to ensure this (Oxford Dictionary of Biology, 2004). On the other hand, asexual reproduction is "a form of organic reproduction in which the parent organism does not exchange genetic material with another organism of the same species" (Ashworth and Little, 2001). In fact, there are four general types of asexual reproduction: 1.) Binary fission - Commonly occurring in protists and other unicellular organisms, binary fission closely resembles the process of mitosis, by which the cells of multicellular animals divide. The organism's chromosomes replicate (duplicate themselves) within the cell nucleus; the nucleus elongates with a group of identical chromosomes in each end; and finally the cell splits down the middle, along the short axis of the elongated nucleus, forming two "daughter cells", which are exact copies of the parent cell. 2.) Fragmentation - This occurs when an organism's body or body part breaks into two or more pieces; each part then develops into a completely new organism. The regrowth of tissue is referred to as regeneration. 3.) Budding - This process produces a small copy of the parent that begins as a growth on the parent's side and then breaks